Perbedaan Transitive dan Intransitive Verbs
Transitive dan Intransitive Verbs - Hallo pembaca setia Adi Fun Learning, dalam kesempatan sebelumnya kami sudah pernah membahas dengan sangat detail perihal macam-macam jenis verbs.
Bagi teman-teman yang belum membaca, silahkan disimak dahulu artikel tersebut. Sekarang kami akan membahas satu lagi materi yang juga sangat penting terkait grammar dalam Bahasa Inggris, yaitu tentang perbedaan transitive dan intransitive verbs.
Dalam artikel ini, kami akan membahas :
- Definisi Transitive Verbs.
- Penggolongan Transitive Verbs.
- Contoh-contoh Transitive Verbs.
- Penerapan Transitive Verbs dalam kalimat.
- Definisi Intransitive Verbs.
- Contoh-contoh Intransitive Verbs
- Penerapan Intransitive Verbs dalam kalimat
- Bentuk Pasif / Passive Form dan Transitive Verbs
- Intransitive Verbs dan Linking Verbs
- Ambitransitive Verbs
Definisi Transitive Verbs
Apa yang dimaksud dengan transitive verb? Jadi transitive verb adalah jenis kata kerja yang memiliki direct object, dimana direct object ini berfungsi menerima tindakan (dijelaskan dengan sebuah aksi oleh verb) dari subyek.
Penggolongan Transitive Verbs
Transitive Verbs sendiri bisa digolongakan ke dalam beberapa jenis, antara lain :
Mono Transitive Verbs, yakni kata kerja transitive yang memerlukan satu obyek saja. Berikut adalah beberapa contoh mono transitive verbs.
- The girls play baseball in the field.
- The boy kicks him.
- We like hiking.
- I don't know how to make a sandwich.
- She doesn't know what I want.
Mari kita bahas kelima contoh di atas satu persatu. Kita tahu bahwa mono transitive verbs memerlukan satu obyek saja yang berbentuk direct object. Namun obyek tersebut bisa berbentuk macam-macam, antara lain noun, pronoun, gerund, phrase atau clause.
- Pada contoh kalimat no. 1, transitive verb play memiliki obyek yang berupa noun.
- Pada contoh kalimat no. 2, transitive verb kicks memiliki obyek yang berupa pronoun.
- Pada contoh kalimat no. 3, transitive verb like memiliki obyek yang berupa gerund.
- Pada contoh kalimat no. 4, transitive verb know memiliki obyek yang berupa phrase.
- Pada contoh kalimat no. 5, transitive verb know memiliki obyek yang berupa clause.
Ditransitve Verbs, yakni kata kerja transitive yang memiliki dua obyek. Kedua obyek tersebut terdiri dari sebuah direct object dan satu indirect object.
- Direct object adalah penerima aksi langsung yang dilakukan oleh subyek.
- Indirect object adalah penerima aksi tidak langsung yang dilakukan oleh subyek.
Sama seperti mono transitve verbs, ditransitive juga bisa dipasangkan dengan object yang berupa noun, pronoun, atau yang lainnya. Perhatikan contoh berikut ini.
- He gives me pizza everyday.
- He gives pizza to me everyday.
- He told me the truth.
- He told the truth to me.
- Could you send me those books?
- Could you send those books to me?
- S + Transitive Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object
- S + Transitive Verb + Direct Object + For/To + Indirect Object
Contoh Transitive Verbs
- ask
- buy
- compose
- drink
- eat
- have
- hear
- hit
- love
- paint
- plant
- read
- see
- write
- call
- cause
- do
- drop
- give
- grant
- lend
- make
- name
- offer
- pay
- promise
- send
- serve
- show
- take
- teach
- tell
Penerapan Transitive Verb dalam Kalimat
Selanjutnya akan diberikan contoh-contoh penerapan transitive verb ke dalam kalimat. Perhatikan bahwa dalam daftar contoh kalimat transitive verb ini mengandung kombinasi antara mono-transitive dan ditransitive.
- She asked me how to turn on the computer.
- Mom bought me a new car.
- I compose a new music for the party.
- Marcella drinks 4 glasses of milk everyday.
- The cat eats my sausage.
- John has an unique bike.
- Did you hear something from the upstairs?
- The lorry hits my car.
- Bernadette loves me so much.
- Mr Knocks painted his door blue.
- The city government plants a lot of flowers and trees.
- Cecilia always reads at least 5 pages before sleep.
- We saw something big and strange outside the house last night.
- Tom has been writing me these documents.
- John will call the police officer.
- It caused a big trouble for me.
- Ben does his homework every Sunday.
- The soldiers dropped tons of food.
- Sarah will give me everything.
- I can't grant you that.
- I lend him my ruler.
- She makes me angry.
- I named this machine a smart robot.
- She offers me something great.
- Can we pay this later?
- Please, I promise to you not to be late any more.
- Jake sends his letter to the audience twice a week.
- I serve him for a long time.
- She will show you the truth.
- We take some money from the bank.
- He teaches me math.
- She told me everything.
Kata yang bertulis tebal dan miring adalah contoh transitive verbs. Perhatikan bahwasanya kata tersebut selalui diikuti direct object maupun direct object + indirect object.
Definisi Intransitive Verbs
Apa yang dimaksud dengan intransitive verbs? Ini adalah jenis kata kerja yang tidak membutuhkan adanya direct object sebagai pelengkapnya di dalam kalimat.
Contoh Kata Intransitive Verbs
Sama seperti transitive verbs ada banyak sekali contoh kata intransitive verbs. Sebagian sangat umum dan sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Berikut adalah beberapa diantaranya :
- Arrives
- Continue
- Cry
- Die
- Disappeared
- Appeared
- Dream
- Emigrate
- Immigrate
- Evaporate
- Fall
- Finish
- Increase
- Laugh
- Live
- Escape
- Run
- Rain
- Steam
- Sit
- Sing
- Sleep
- Smell
- Sneeze
- Talk
- Vote
- Walk
- Wave
- Go
- Work
- Arrives : The train arrives at four.
- Continue : We should continue the program.
- Cry : She cried out loud yesterday.
- Die : The cat died.
- Dream : I was dreaming about you last night.
- Run : The horse runs so fast.
- Smell : It smells good.
- Vote : I voted Trump in the election.
- Wave : President wave to the people.
- Work : He works hard.
Bentuk Pasif Transitive Verbs
Transitive Verb | Bentuk Aktif | Bentuk Pasif |
---|---|---|
Shoot | Jack shot the cat. | The cat was shot by Jack |
Fill | I fill this box with marbles. | The box was filled with marbles by me. |
Catch | My dog caught a mouse. | A mouse was caught by my dog. |
Intransitive Verbs dan Linking Verbs
Linking verbs adalah jenis verbs yang bertugas sebagai penghubung antara subyek dan noun / adjective / adverb. Linking verbs bisa dimasukkan atau digolongkan sebagai intransitive verbs, karena tidak adanya direct object. Pandangan ini wajar karena melihat kedudukan subyek dan obyek adalah setara, tanpa adanya aksi sehingga tidak memiliki direct object.
Ambitransitive Verbs
Ambitransitive verbs adalah daftar kata kerja yang bisa menjadi transitive sekaligus intransitve. Kata-kata tersebut akan semakin terlihat sifat ambitransitive-nya jika diterapkan dalam kalimat.
Berikut adalah kalimat dengan kata kerja ambitransitive dalam bentuk transitive verbs.
- The boys broke the cup.
- Life hasn’t changed her.
- We cheered them.
- I close my eyes.
- They will continue the meeting after the lunch.
- She dances the zumba.
- He demonstrated a Judo chop to the class.
- Have you done your coursework?
- If there is no leftover Chinese food, Pamela usually eats whole-grain cereal.
- Heat evaporates water.
- You’ve grown a beard since I last saw you!
- She usually leaves her wallet on the table.
- Tommy left the gift on the table.
- Our fish lived till he was 7.
- Bill manages the accounting department.
- Could you move your lorry please?
- Open the window; it’s too hot in here!
- Some boys opened the window.
- Clara opened me a soda.
- My father paid the mechanic.
- I paid the waiter for the broken glasses.
- My daughter painted her fingernails blue.
- The apes played hide and seek in the woods.
- They are playing soccer.
- Four of the students play the guitar.
- The workers protested their innocence in the street.
- She is reading a book.
- My sisters read my newspaper.
- David is reading magazine.
- Fransisca returned the book to the store.
- Michael used to run a cafe.
- In the summer, Pedro will run his first marathon.
- They sang the national anthem at the airport.
- We sang a song.
- The German U-boat sank their enemy's ship.
- Bryan set the documents down on the table yesterday.
- Chan sets a chair next to the bed.
- She’s been singing the national anthem all afternoon.
- Lindsay was found guilty of starting the fire.
- Tim tried to stop her from leaving.
- Peter tripped Tom.
- They visited aunt Barbara in Chicago.
- Elber walks the dog for miles every morning.
- Have you washed your face?
- She writes your name here.
- My bike broke yesterday.
- The city is changed greatly in the last decade.
- We cheered.
- Most stores here close at 10 pm.
- The meeting continued after the break.
- Lucy dances every night.
- The crowd demonstrated outside the city hall.
- Ryan is doing well in his new job.
- Because of blood sugar problems, Belinda always eats before leaving for school.
- Water evaporates when it’s hot.
- You’ve grown since I last saw you.
- The train sometimes leaves early on Friday.
- After he cleaned up, she left.
- Donald was living a life of luxury abroad.
- Leo has had difficulty managing since his wife’s death.
- The trees were moving in the breeze.
- The library opens at 11 am.
- The store opens early today.
- The door opened.
- We already paid.
- The man behind you already paid.
- The workers painted yesterday.
- The apes played in the woods.
- They’ve been playing all afternoon.
- The students will play outside today.
- The workers protested in the street.
- He reads at 10.
- I always read in the garden.
- Uncle Alex is reading.
- The students returned to school after the party.
- The path ran over the hill.
- During cross-country practice, Matthew runs over hills, through fields, across the river, and along the highway.
- Asked by the others, she sang.
- She sang.
- The boat sank yesterday.
- The sun set low over the sea.
- The sun was setting and a red glow filled the sky.
- He’s been singing all the time.
- The match starts at 6 pm.
- When the rain stopped, I went for a walk.
- Jack tripped.
- We visited.
- Bob walks for miles.
- I washed, dressed, and went out.
- Peter couldn’t read or write.
Mengingat ilmu bahasa sangat dinamis, tentu saja masih banyak contoh dari adanya ambitransitve tersebut.
Keren sekali diulas secara rinci, juga informatif.
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